Safety and Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide Gas

Test summary Rats were systemically exposed to chlorine dioxide gas at a mean concentration of 0.05 ppm continuously for six months. Rats were systemically exposed to chlorine dioxide gas at a mean concentration of 0.1 ppm continuously for six months. Rats were systemically exposed to chlorine dioxide gas at a mean concentration of 1 ppm for 5 hours per day, 5 days per week for 10 weeks.

Extremely powerful disinfectant

Aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide are extremely powerful disinfectants even at very low concentrations. Chlorine dioxide is effective against all microorganisms including algae, bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, protozoa and viruses.

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Chlorine dioxide works by disrupting the functioning of the cell membrane. The mechanism is such that microorganisms cannot build up resistance to chlorine dioxide making it an extremely important compound in a world where many organisms are becoming resistant to conventional biocides and antibiotics.

Chlorine dioxide remains effective over a wide pH range from about 4 to 10. This is in sharp contrast to chlorine which is only effective over a narrow pH range below about 7.5.

No undesirable pollutants

The use of chlorine can result in the formation of many undesirable chlorinated compounds including chloroform, chloramines and organochlorine compounds including dioxins. Substituting CleanOxide 75 for chlorine eliminates the formation of these pollutants.

CleanOxide 75 has all the benefits of chlorine with none of its downside. Furthermore, because chlorine dioxide is a more powerful disinfectant than chlorine, CleanOxide 75 can be used at much lower dose rates (typically about one fifth to one tenth of the rate of chlorine) resulting in reduced chemical usage and lower environmental impact.

Removes biofilm

An important property of chlorine dioxide is its ability to destroy biofilm. Biofilm is a film of slime produced by microorganisms on surfaces in contact with water. It consists of polymeric substances produced by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, fungi and algae (if light is present).

Biofilm acts as a reservoir of micro-organisms that is not removed or controlled by normal levels of chlorination. Even heavy doses of chlorine (super chlorination) often do not remove biofilm.

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The reason that chlorine dioxide is so effective against biofilm is because it exists in solution as a dissolved gas; it does not react with water. The dissolved gas is able to diffuse into the biofilm where it can destroy the micro-organisms responsible for the biofilm.

Conventional biocides including chlorine are only able to affect the surface layers of biofilm. Chlorine dioxide is more effective than chlorine and chloramines at inactivating viruses and controlling Cryptosporidium and Giardia.

Chlorine dioxide is very effective at oxidising common water pollutants such as sulphides, iron and manganese. Taste and odours resulting from algae and decaying vegetable matter and phenolic compounds are all controlled by chlorine dioxide and it also provides residual disinfection (for up to 72 hours) in drinking water depending on water quality.

Corrosion

Conventional methods of generating chlorine dioxide also generate free chlorine as a by-product. Other methods of generating chlorine dioxide such as “stabilised” chlorine dioxide rely on acidification of sodium chlorite.

These methods of generating chlorine dioxide are associated with high rates of corrosion. However, it is not the chlorine dioxide that causes corrosion; it is the by-products that are responsible.

CleanOxide Liquid 75 is practically pure chlorine dioxide. Its formation is not accompanied by any free chlorine and it is not acidic at normal rates of use. Thus CleanOxide does not contribute to increased levels of corrosion.

Contact us to discuss your requirements of Chlorine Dioxide Granules. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.