Everything you need to know about wheel loaders

What is a wheel loader?

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There are many names for wheel loaders like front-end loaders, front loaders, wheeled loaders, bucket loaders, scoop loaders, and skip loaders. Wheel loaders are a piece of heavy equipment usually found in construction projects and building sites. A wheel loader uses an arm to lift and lower its bucket, and a bell crank is used to open and close its bucket. Wheel loaders can lift almost anything such as debris, gravel, soil, dirt, pallets, etc. Since it uses wheels, it has better mobility on roads, and it does not give any damage to asphalt or concrete. Attachments can also be used to make it fit for any type of project you have.

Wheel loaders also come in different sizes, but no project is too big or small for this machine. Even small loaders are more powerful than you think. They are available in various sizes for different kinds of projects.

What can a wheel loader be used for?

Wheel loaders are machines with great power and durability, and most construction sites use them to finish some tasks quickly. It consists of an arm with a bucket to haul, scoop, or carry large-scale materials and transport them around a site. Aside from being used in construction sites, they can also be used for agricultural purposes and landscaping projects.

These machines can dig, haul, carry, and transport. Wheel loaders can also be used in helping build roads, prepare job sites, and assist in cleaning up after a completed project.

Wheel loader applications

There are specific wheel loaders that are designed according to different purposes. When combining the right machine, set of tires, and attachments, Volvo CE's machines are sure to deliver great performance and safety. 

• Block Handling

Wheel loaders for block handling require heavy lifting and transporting blocks at all times of the day, even on uneven, wet, and steep ground.

Models: L150H, L180H, L220H, and L350H.

• Log Handling

Log handling applications are made to have a high capacity, flexibility, and a wide range of attachments for cutting, hauling, etc.

Models: L60H, L70H, L90H, L110H, L120H, L150H, L180H, L180H High-Lift, L220H, and L350H.

• Rock Handling

These loaders have been designed and built to have maximum performance and results. Rock handling loaders have enough strength, stability, traction, and durability that are made to withstand hot, dusty environments.

Models: L260H and L350H

• Waste Handling

Waste loaders have been specially made to operate on different tasks on waste and recycling applications such as collecting, transporting, and sorting. Often used in landfill sites, these machines can handle any type of waste, big or small.

Models: L30G, L35G, L45H, L60H, L70H, L90H, L110H, L120H, L150H, L180H, and L220H.

• Slag Handling

Usually found in steel mills. Slag handling loaders are one of the toughest loaders out there. Often used in one of the most dangerous environments for machines and operators, dealing with intense heat, dust, and toxic fumes. These loaders provide heat-proofing and thermal protection to finish these projects.

Models: L150H, L180H, L220H, and L350H.

• Re handling

Providing maximum productivity, these loaders are designed to transport large amounts of materials to minimize loading cycles. This loader makes it much more convenient and time-saving for projects.

Models: L110H, L120H, L150H, L180H, L220H, L260H, and L350H.

• Agriculture

Providing non-stop performance, these loaders can work all day. Agriculture loaders can be used indoors or outdoors and can carry various loads around farms even in the toughest weather and ground conditions.

Models: L45H, L50H, L60H, L70H, L90H, L110H, and L120H.

How can I choose the right size of wheel loader?

One of the important things to remember when choosing a wheel loader is to choose according to the nature of the job, there are a lot of sizes and attachments to choose from but choosing the best out of them will make your project run more efficiently. The first step in choosing any type of heavy equipment is to understand what the equipment needs to do for the project and what the project site looks like.

Most wheel loaders are chosen by the size of the project site, bucket capacity, and how long the arm stretches. It is also good to ask your manufacturer what type and size of equipment make the project the most productive and efficient. 

Wheel loader sizes

• Small/compact loaders- These are popular for landscaping companies, being used in digging and moving materials. Small loaders have a range of 1 - 4.5 tons operating or work load which makes them perfect for yard projects, especially when using other attachments like forks and rakes. 

• Mid-sized loaders- With a range from 5.5 to 6.5 tons operating or work load, this is more popular for moving more and heavier materials. These loaders are often used in construction sites.

• Large loaders- These machines range in 7.5 to 18 tons operating or work load. Large loaders are often used for loading trucks with gravel and used in more heavy-duty projects.

Wheel loader attachments

There are many attachments to choose from, but some might not be applicable to your project. It's good to get familiar with these attachments in case you need them for future use with your wheel loaders.

Here are some of the most common attachments used in projects:

• Buckets

• Forks

• Couplers

• Lifting jibs

• Rakes

• Pushers

• Shovels

• Augers

• Brooms

• Stump grinders

Safety protocols and possible hazards for wheel loaders

Any kind of heavy machine has certain levels of hazard, and any person assigned to operate these machines should have proper training including safety procedures in handling and safety protocols.

Wheel loaders are no exception, they are often used in lifting heavy objects. Here are some notes to remember and potential hazards that could happen while operating:

• Bystander injuries

Before operating a wheel loader, make sure to be aware of your surroundings. Make sure that there are no people near or around the machine, use all safety protocols, and keep the loader visible to all. Make sure that the backup signal is working properly. Before lifting or moving the arm and bucket, always look below and check if there are people under or near it.

• Tipping

When carrying heavy materials up high for dumping, the machine adjusts its center of gravity. Therefore, making it unstable and it might be a danger. It's better to transport loads as low as possible to the ground, it's also recommended to place a loaded bucket below the tractor to be more stable.

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Never carry over the maximum weight as it can also make the wheel loader tip over. When you're carrying materials and traveling on an angled ground (such as steep hills), travel in reverse when going down to keep the loader's center of gravity stable.

• Rollovers

Even though wheel loaders can work on uneven levels of ground, they might lose stability when it comes to steep hills or dangerous ground (loose gravel, soft soil, etc.). Try to consider carrying only half of the capacity of your loader if the terrain feels hazardous and take your time to operate the wheel loader. Always remember to wear your safety belt and make sure that is securely fastened before operating. Do not rush when the ground seems dangerous for driving and make sure that your loader is stable enough to avoid accidents like rolling over.

These are the basic knowledge you need to know before buying a wheel loader. When buying a wheel loader, you need to consider various manufacturers and models. Most manufacturers produce compact, medium, and large wheel loaders.

It's better to ask for suggestions or a second opinion from your potential manufacturer to make sure that the wheel loader you want fits the job for your project. Volvo CE provides all sizes of wheel loaders for your future projects. We have specialists that can guide you, give suggestions, and answer your queries.

What is a Loader?

A loader is a piece of heavy machinery commonly used in the construction industry to load, move, or clear materials such as dirt, debris, logs, asphalt, and other substances. Depending on its specific function, it may be called by various names, including bucket loader, front loader, front-end loader, payloader, or wheel loader.

A loader is similar to a tractor but with a large bucket mounted at the front, attached to two arms. These arms can be either permanent or removable, allowing for flexibility in the types of attachments that can be used. Some loaders also have forklifts mounted on them, enabling them to lift and transport materials, both on the ground and for shipping purposes. Most loaders are wheeled, though some models use tracks for better stability and traction.

Certain loaders come with hydraulically operated clamshell buckets, which allow them to function as scrapers. These machines are often versatile and can be adapted for various agricultural and construction tasks, making them essential for a wide range of applications.

The Uses of a Loader?

- This equipment is widely used for loading materials into a vehicle.

- They are also used for clearing the rubble and the construction area removing all the waste materials.

- They can also be used in laying pipes.

- They are used in digging too, but they cannot dig very deep below the surface.

- It is usually used for removing a pile of waste materials from a particular place to the dumping site or into a dumping truck.

- Front-loaders can be used to remove snow.

What Are the Types of Loaders?

There are various options for construction and operation tools and devices available in the market to choose from. It is essential for operators to know about them as it will help them choose the right machine that is cost-effective and efficient. There are four main types of loaders available. These are a backhoe, dozer, skid steer, and wheel loader. These machines have their capacity for carrying weight and differ in their functions.

What is a Wheel Loader?

A wheel loader is a robust piece of heavy equipment used across various industries, including construction and farming. It is designed to load and move materials, whether heavy or light, from one location to another. Equipped with durable tires and a hydraulic steering system, wheel loaders are built for maneuverability, even in challenging environments. The tires are often fitted with rugged treads or chains for added traction and stability.

Wheel loaders are highly versatile machines capable of performing a wide range of tasks, including construction and farming duties, as well as routine operations like digging and dumping materials. The hydraulic steering system offers significant advantages over automatic systems, as it allows the front and rear axles to support heavier loads, improving the machine's overall performance and durability.

What are the Different Types of Wheel Loaders?

Wheel loaders are generally categorized into two main groups: light loaders and heavy loaders.

Light Loaders  

These are smaller in size and primarily used for carrying light materials. Their compact design makes them versatile, allowing operators to attach different tools for a variety of tasks. Light loaders are especially common in industries like agriculture due to their adaptability and ease of use.

Some common types of light loaders include:

- Compact Wheel Loaders: Designed for maximum productivity in small or confined spaces, these loaders can be equipped with various attachments to suit specific tasks.

- Small Wheel Loaders: Similar to compact loaders, these are ideal for working in tight spaces but offer more flexibility and ease of movement.

- Medium Wheel Loaders: These loaders are popular for their ability to reduce operating costs, enhance safety, and improve ease of operation. They are customizable, which helps operators improve productivity.

Heavy Loaders  

Heavy loaders are larger, more powerful machines designed for industrial applications. They are typically used in demanding environments where high efficiency and performance are essential.

- Large Wheel Loaders: These loaders come with powerful engines and are built to handle tough tasks in challenging terrains. They are equipped with attachments like backhoes, scoops, and buckets for various jobs such as material handling, debris removal, and snow clearing. Large wheel loaders can also be customized to perform a wide range of tasks, making them invaluable in industrial settings.

How to Maintain Wheel Loaders

In addition to being a skilled operator, it's crucial to understand the daily maintenance routine of a wheel loader. Regular maintenance and checks are essential to improving the efficiency and longevity of your heavy machinery. Here's a guide to help you maintain your wheel loader effectively:

Pre-Start Checks:  

Before starting the machine, conduct a thorough inspection to identify any broken, worn-out, or loose parts. Look for tire damage, oil leaks, and ensure the battery connections are secure. Verify that oil levels are adequate and mirrors are properly adjusted. It's important to check the tire pressures and ensure there are no signs of leakage.

After Starting the Machine:  

Once the machine is started, allow the engine to warm up for at least 10 minutes. This step ensures better lubrication of the engine's components. Check all gauges and readings to ensure they are within the safe range, and verify that the brakes and other operating systems are functioning correctly. During operation, stay alert for any unusual sounds; if you hear anything strange, stop the machine and diagnose the issue. It's also important to avoid overloading the bucket. Overloading can cause damage to critical components, such as tires, and reduce overall efficiency.

End-of-Shift Checks:  

Before shutting down the machine, let the engine run for a few minutes to cool down. Afterward, remove any debris and dirt from the machine. Finally, fill the fuel tank to ensure it's ready for the next use.

By adhering to this daily maintenance routine, you'll not only extend the lifespan of your wheel loader but also ensure it operates at peak efficiency.

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