UHP graphite electrodes are used in EAF and LF, and electric arc furnace steelmaking is one of the important steelmaking methods.

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Electric arc furnace in steel making

The arc zone temperature of the electric arc furnace is as high as -°C. It heats up quickly and can melt various high melting point alloys. The real value of this process is in making steel using all scrap steel or all solid metal.

Ultra-high power generally refers to the power of an electric furnace transformer being 2-3 times that of an ordinary electric furnace of the same tonnage, so it is relative.

Electric arc furnace for steel production

Main advantage

As the power is doubled, the main advantages of ultra-high-power electric furnaces are to shorten the melting time and increase productivity; to improve electric heating efficiency and reduce power consumption; and to be easily matched with refining outside the furnace and continuous casting to achieve high production, high quality, and low consumption. The smelting cycle is less than 60 minutes and the power consumption is less than 400kwh/t.

What is graphite electrode used for?

Graphite electrode's function is to introduce electric current into the furnace and generate an arc with the charge to convert electrical energy into heat energy.

When the graphite electrode is working, it must conduct a large current, and at the same time, it will be affected by high temperature, furnace gas oxidation, and collapse material impact, which requires it to work normally under the harsh conditions of smelting.

Graphite Electrode used for EAF Steelmaking

Graphite electrode properties requirements

It has good electrical conductivity, high current density (28-15A/cm2), and small resistance coefficient (8-10Ω mm2/m). The electrode has high thermal conductivity, small linear expansion coefficient and small elastic modulus to improve its thermal shock resistance. Sufficient mechanical strength at high temperatures.

The shape is regular, the surface is smooth and the curvature is small, ensuring a good connection with the nipple. High volume density, small porosity, good oxidation resistance, and not easy to oxidize, sublimate or melt under arc high temperatures.

UHP Graphite Electrodes For Electric Arc Furnace

 

About consumption rate

The consumption rate of graphite electrodes and the production rate of molten steel during the steelmaking process are affected by many factors, including electrode quality, furnace type, operating conditions, etc. Generally, the consumption rate of an electrode can be estimated by the following formula:

Electrode consumption rate=Electrode consumption /Amount of molten steel produced×100%

Reasons for consumption

The specific electrode consumption is usually determined by factors such as the diameter of the electrode, current density, and furnace temperature. Electrode consumption accounts for 8%-10% of the production cost of electric furnace steel, and the electrode consumption level per ton of steel is 4-9kg. The main reasons are breakage, oxidation, erosion of slag and furnace gas, as well as spalling and sublimation under the action of arc.

Specific measures to reduce electrode consumption include the following:

Reduce electrode breakage and damage caused by mechanical external force and electromagnetic force The electrodes should be stored in a dry place and protected from moisture, as they may easily fall off and peel off at high temperatures. Reduce the electrical loss of the electrode connector, and the nipple will be more firmly connected when driven into the pin. Reducing oxidation consumption can enhance furnace sealing and shorten high-temperature refining time.

Conclusion

Contact us to discuss your requirements of carbon artificial graphite block. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.

Ggraphite electrodes are indispensable in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process. Quality is the key. Optimizing the smelting process during the production process can reduce the consumption of tons of steel and achieve maximum conversion rate and benefits.

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Website: www.jinsuncarbon.com

The difference between UHP graphite electrode and HP graphite electrode

Nancy Nie

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3 min read

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May 23,

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The raw materials of UHP and HP graphite electrodes are different, resulting in different physical and chemical indicators of the graphite electrodes produced. They are suitable for steelmaking in ultra-high-power electric arc furnaces and high-power electric arc furnaces. Let's introduce what uhp electrodes represent. The difference between UHP graphite electrode and HP graphite electrode.

1. What does the uhp electrode represent?

UHP is the abbreviation of ultra high power in English, representing the category of ultra-high power graphite electrodes. According to the power, graphite electrodes are divided into: RP ordinary power graphite electrodes, HP high power graphite electrodes and UHP ultra-high power graphite electrodes.

The three graphite electrode models are suitable for electric arc furnaces of different power levels. RP is suitable for ordinary power electric arc furnaces with a melting capacity of 300Kv.A/t per ton, and HP is suitable for high-power electric arc furnaces with a melting capacity of 400Kv.A/t per ton. UHP is suitable for ultra-high power electric arc furnaces with a melting capacity of 500~Kv.A/t per ton.

RP electrode is produced by ordinary grade petroleum coke, which has low requirements on raw materials and low graphitization temperature, so it has high resistivity, large linear expansion coefficient, poor thermal shock resistance, and low allowable current. It is suitable for ordinary steelmaking. use.

HP electrode uses high-quality petroleum coke plus needle coke and coal pitch, etc. After impregnation treatment, the performance is higher than that of RP electrode, the resistivity is relatively low, and the allowable current density is large.

UHP graphite electrode is produced by high-grade needle coke, the graphitization temperature is as high as ~°C, and the graphitization heat treatment is carried out in the inner string graphitization furnace, so it has lower resistivity, small linear expansion coefficient and excellent resistance to The thermal shock performance makes it free from cracking and breaking, allowing the passage of high current density, which will shorten the melting time and improve production efficiency.

2. The difference between UHP graphite electrode and HP graphite electrode

1. The raw materials of the two are different, resulting in different physical and chemical indicators and allowable current capacity

2. The production cycle of UHP graphite electrode is longer than that of HP electrode, and it needs to go through three immersion and four bakes, which also leads to higher cost than HP graphite electrode.

3. There are few manufacturers of graphite electrodes with specifications above UHP 600mm. In the early days, they relied on imports for a long time. Now the production diameter of Dan carbon graphite electrodes can reach up to 800mm.

4. The smelting time is shortened. For example, it takes 60 minutes for a 10T ton electric arc furnace to smelt molten steel with HP electrodes, and only 45 minutes for UHP graphite electrodes, which not only shortens the time, reduces power consumption, but also consumes less electrodes.

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